Computer Science and Engineering 258A

Cognitive Modeling

Fall Quarter 2009

Monday/Wednesday 3:30-4:50

CSE Building, Room 2154

Professor: Gary Cottrell

Office: CSE 4130

Phone: 858-534-6640

e-mail: gary@ucsd.edu

 

Course Description

 

CSE 258A is a graduate seminar devoted to recent research in Cognitive Modeling. This is not an introductory course, so the prerequisite is at least one graduate-level course (at UCSD or elsewhere) in some aspect of AI, Cognitive Science, Computational Cognitive Neuroscience, or closely related areas such as machine learning, statistics or pattern recognition.  Appropriate courses at UCSD include CSE 250A/B (Principles of AI: Learning), CSE 291 (Probabilistic Methods in AI and Machine Learning), Cognitive Science 260 (Pattern Recognition), BGGN 246 - Reinforcement Learning and Decision Making.  If you have no familiarity with neural nets or machine learning, or Bayesian modeling, you should probably not take this course.

This course will explore cognitive modeling with an emphasis on the student interests. It is intended for CSE, Cognitive Science and Interdisciplinary PhD in Cognitive Science Program students. The emphasis will be on models that attempt to match psychological data about the process in question. Depending on student interest, we will look at models pertaining to language processing, decision-making, memory, concept formation, sequential processes, and vision.

On the first day, we will have an organizational meeting and the instructor will lecture on cognitive modeling with reference to his own work. By the end of the first week, the students should each pick a paper to give a presentation on. Then, in each class meeting, one student will give a talk lasting about 45-60 minutes presenting a recent technical paper in detail.  In questions during the talk, and in the final 20 minutes, all seminar participants will critically discuss the paper and the issues raised by it.

The student should read at least two papers: A classic paper in the field that can be considered antecedent to the recent research paper (if none can be found, discuss this with the professor). Often it is necessary to read more than one antecedent paper. The more recent paper should be chosen from a high-quality conference. Prize-winning papers are preferred. Since conference papers are often only 6-8 pages, more reading beyond that paper may be required to understand what was done.

In addition to presenting recent research, there will be a final project. The project guidelines and schedule, a lot of which was cribbed from Charles Elkan's project guidelines are here. Projects should be done in pairs or small groups. The more people involved, the more involved the project should be! The project is worth 50% of your grade. Here are some ideas for projects that I gave to the undergrads in CSE 190. Obviously, yours should be a bit more cutting-edge!!

The talk I gave in class is  here.

Class Schedule:


DATE PRESENTER TITLE
PAPER
DISCUSSION
PAGE
SLIDES
September 25-Oct 19
Gary Cottrell
Introduction to some Cognitive Models

Discuss any paper here...










October 21
Do-Kyum Kim
A Model of V4 Shape Selectivity and Invariance Cadieu, C., Kouh, M., Pasupathy, A., Conner, C., Riesenhuber, M., & Poggio, T.A. (2007). A Model of V4 Shape Selectivity and Invariance. J Neurophysiol 98: 1733-1750.
October 26
Class cancelled due to illness



October 28
Shalmali Joshi Analyzing human feature learning as nonparametric Bayesian inference Austerweil, J. & Griffiths, T. L. (2009). Analyzing human feature learning as nonparametric  Bayesian inference. Advances in Neural Information Processing  Systems 21
November 2
Ben Cipollini Modeling Hemispheric asymmetries Janet Hui-wen Hsiao, Danke X. Shieh, and Garrison W. Cottrell (2008) Convergence of the Visual Field Split: Hemispheric Modeling of Face and Object Recognition Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20:(12)2298–2307
Richard Shillcock & Padraic Monaghan (2001) The Computational Exploration of Visual Word Recognition in a Split Model Neural Computation 13, 1171–1198

November 4
Micah Bregman Bayesian
Model of Behaviour in Economic Games
Ray, D., Montague, P. R., King-Casas, B., & Dayan, P. (2008). Bayesian
Model of Behaviour in Economic Games. In NIPS Proceedings 2008 (pp.
1-8).

King-Casas, B., Tomlin, D., Anen, C., Camerer, C. F., Quartz, S. R.,
Montague, P. R., et al. (2005). Getting to know you: reputation and
trust in a two-person economic exchange. Science 308(5718), 78-83.


November  9
Leif Yndestad
Bayesian surprise I
Itti & Baldi (2009) Bayesian Surprise attracts human attention. Vision Research 49:1295–1306
Koch & Ullman (1985) Shifts in selective visual attention: Towards the underlying neural circuitry. Human Neurobiology 4:219-227.

November 11
No Class
Veteran's Day


November 16
No Class: Gary out of town at Annual Science of Learning Centers Awardees meeting



November 18
Tejaswini Narayanan

A controversy about Reisenhuber's face processing model

Riesenhuber et al., (2004) Face processing in humans is compatible with a simple shape-based model of vision. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B (Suppl.): 1-3
Jiang et al. (2006) Evaluation of a Shape-Based Model of Human Face Discrimination Using fMRI and Behavioral Techniques. Neuron50:159–172
Rossion (2008) Picture-plane inversion leads to qualitative changes of face perception. Acta Psychologica128:274–289.
Riesenhuber & Wolff (2009) Task effects, performance levels, features, configurations, and holistic face processing: A reply to Rossion. Acta Psychologica132:286–292.

November 23
Sunghee Woo

Bayesian Surprise II
Mundhenk et al. (2009) Automatic computation of an image’s statistical surprise predicts performance of human observers on a natural image detection task Vision Research 49:1620–1637

November 25
Ruixin Yang

Contextual guidance of eye movements and attention in real-world scenes: The role of global features on object search
K. Ehinger, B. Hidalgo-Sotelo, A. Torralba, and A. Oliva (2009) Modelling search for people in 900 scenes: a combined source model of eye guidance
Visual Cognition, 17(6&7):945-978.


November 30
Vikram Gupta

Bayesian modeling of human concept learning
J. B. Tenenbaum (1999) Bayesian modeling of human concept learning. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11, M. S. Kearns, S. A. Solla, & D. A. Cohn (eds.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.


December 2
Randy West

Statistical Learning of Nonadjacencies Predicts On-line Processing of Long-Distance
Dependencies in Natural Language
Misyak et al. (2009) Statistical Learning of Nonadjacencies Predicts On-line Processing of Long-Distance
Dependencies in Natural Language. In Proceedings of the 2009 Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Winner of the Marr Prize.


Some potential papers:

[Some links are included. For some papers, I have pdf's].

Almost anything by Morten Christiansen, Nick Chater, Max Reisenhuber, Josh Tenenbaum, Mike Mozer, Dave Plaut, Tom Griffiths, Charles Kemp, Jeff Elman, Mark Seidenberg, Jay McClelland, Sue Becker, Peter Dayan. This is not an exhaustive list! Suggestions for this list are welcome!

Vision: Object & Face recognition, salience, and eye movements.

Itti, L. & Baldi, P. (2006). Bayesian surprise attracts human attention. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 18, 547-554.

Palmeri, T.J., & Gauthier, I. (2004). Visual object understanding. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5, 291-303. (review paper)

Barlow, H. B. (1961). Possible principles underlying the transformation of sensory messages. In Rosenblith, W. A. (Ed.), Sensory Communication (pp. 217-234). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (classic)

Cadieu, C., Kouh, M., Pasupathy, A., Conner, C., Riesenhuber, M., & Poggio, T.A. (2007). A Model of V4 Shape Selectivity and Invariance. J Neurophysiol 98: 1733-1750.

Jiang, X., Rosen, E., Zeffiro, T., VanMeter, J., Blanz, V., & Riesenhuber, M. (2006). Evaluation of a Shape-Based Model of Human Face Discrimination Using fMRI and Behavioral Techniques. Neuron 50: 159-172.

Tong, M.H., Joyce, C.A., and Cottrell, G.W. (2008) Why is the fusiform face area recruited for novel categories of expertise? A neurocomputational investigation Brain Research 1202:14-24.

O'Toole, Deffenbacher, Valentin & Abdi (1994). Structural aspects of face recognition and the other-race effect. Memory and Cognition, 22:208-224. (classic)

Torralba, Antonio, Oliva, Aude, Castelhano, Monica, and Henderson, John. (2006) Contextual guidance of eye movements and attention in real-world scenes: The role of global features on object search Psychological Review, 113(4):766-786.

Kanan, C.M., Tong, M.H., Zhang, L. and Cottrell, G.W. (2009). SUN: Top-down saliency using natural statistics. Visual Cognition 17, Issue 6 & 7 pp. 979-1003 (Special Issue on eye guidance in natural scenes (B. Tatler, Ed.)).

Barrington, L., Marks, T. K., Hui-wen Hsiao, J., & Cottrell, G. W. (2008). NIMBLE: A kernel density model of saccade-based visual memory. Journal of Vision, 8(14):17, 1-14 (pre-print) journal version , doi:10.1167/8.14.17.

Zhang, Lingyun, Tong, Matthew H., Marks, Tim K., Shan, Honghao, and Cottrell, Garrison W. (2008). SUN: A Bayesian Framework for Saliency Using Natural Statistics. Journal of Vision 8(7):32, 1-20.

Reading

McClelland and Rumelhart (1981). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part I and II. Psychological Review, 88. (classic)

Seidenberg, M. S., & McClelland, J. L. (1989). A distributed developmental model of word recognition and naming. Psychological Review, 96(4), 523–568. (classic)

Hemispheric processing

Many papers by Richard Shillcock and/or Padrhaic Monaghan

Hsiao, Janet Hui-wen, Shahbazi, Reza, and Cottrell, Garrison W. (2008) Hemispheric Asymmetry in Visual Perception Arises from Differential Encoding beyond the Sensory Level. In Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.

Schemata, Memory and Sequential processes

Jordan, M. (1986) Serial Order: A parallel distributed processing approach. UCSD Cognitive Science Technical Report 8604. (classic)

Botvinick, Matthew & Plaut, David (2002) Doing without schema hierarchies: A recurrent connectionist approachh to normal and impaired routine sequential action. submitted to Psych revew.

Shiffrin, R.M. & Steyvers, M. (1997). A model for recognition memory: REM: Retrieving Effectively from Memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4 (2), 145-166. (classic)

Metcalfe, J. (1993). Novelty monitoring, metacognition, and control in a composite holographic associative recall model: Implications for Korsakoff's amnesia. Psychological Review, 100, 3-22. (classic)

McClelland, James L., McNaughton, Bruce and O'Reilly, Randy (2001). Why are there complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review. (warning: long!)

Computational Psycholinguistics

Plaut, D. C., McClelland, J. L., Seidenberg, M. S., and Patterson, K. (1996). Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains. Psychological Review, 103, 56-115. (classic)

<>Cottrell, G.W., & Plunkett, K. (1994) Acquiring the mapping from meanings to sounds. Connection Science 6,4:379-412.

St. John, M. F., & McClelland, J. L. (1990). Learning and applying contextual constraints in sentence comprehension. Artificial Intelligence, 46, 217-257. (classic)

Concept learning

<>J. B. Tenenbaum (1999) Bayesian modeling of human concept learning. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11 <>

J. B. Tenenbaum (2000) Rules and similarity in concept learning. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 12

Math-Psych-like papers:

Palmeri, T.J. (1999). Learning hierarchically structured categories: A comparison of category learning models. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 6, 495-503.

Nosofsky, R.M., & Palmeri, T.J. (1998). A rule-plus-exception model for classify objects in continuous-dimension spaces. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 5, 345-369.